docs: 添加调试信息收集指南
用于排查配置向导 500 错误，包含: - 日志收集方法 - Python 语法检查 - 依赖验证 - 常见问题解决方案 - 快速诊断脚本 Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>
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调试信息收集.md
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调试信息收集.md
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# 调试信息收集指南
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**问题**: 配置向导 500 Internal Server Error
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---
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## 1. 必收集的信息
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### 1.1 Home Assistant 日志
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```bash
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# 实时查看日志（在添加集成时）
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tail -f ~/.homeassistant/home-assistant.log | grep -E "(sigmesh|error|Error|ERROR)" -i
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# 或查看完整日志
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cat ~/.homeassistant/home-assistant.log > ~/ha_full_log.txt
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```
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**关键信息**:
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- [ ] 集成加载时的错误堆栈
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- [ ] 任何提到 `sigmesh_gateway` 的行
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- [ ] 错误发生时间点的日志
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---
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### 1.2 Home Assistant 版本信息
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```bash
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# 查看 HA 版本
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ha --version
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# 或在 HA UI: 设置 → 关于
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# 记录：HA 版本、Python 版本、操作系统
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```
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**需要记录**:
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- Home Assistant 版本：__________
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- Python 版本：__________
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- 操作系统：__________
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- 安装方式（HAOS/Container/Supervised/Core）: __________
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---
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### 1.3 浏览器控制台错误
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**Chrome/Edge**:
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1. 按 `F12` 打开开发者工具
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2. 切换到 `Console` 标签
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3. 点击添加集成按钮
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4. 截图或复制所有红色错误信息
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**需要记录**:
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- [ ] 控制台错误截图
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- [ ] Network 标签中失败的请求详情
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---
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## 2. 代码相关问题排查
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### 2.1 检查集成文件完整性
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```bash
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# 检查文件是否存在
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ls -la ~/.homeassistant/custom_components/sigmesh_gateway/
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# 预期输出应包含:
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# __init__.py
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# config_flow.py
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# const.py
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# coordinator.py
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# manifest.json
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# serial_reader.py
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# protocol_parser.py
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```
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**检查项**:
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- [ ] 所有文件都存在
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- [ ] 文件大小不为 0
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- [ ] 文件权限正确（homeassistant 用户可读）
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---
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### 2.2 验证 manifest.json 格式
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```bash
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# 检查 JSON 格式
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python3 -m json.tool ~/.homeassistant/custom_components/sigmesh_gateway/manifest.json
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```
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**如报错，说明 JSON 格式有问题**
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---
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### 2.3 检查 Python 语法错误
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```bash
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# 逐个检查 Python 文件
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python3 -m py_compile ~/.homeassistant/custom_components/sigmesh_gateway/__init__.py
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python3 -m py_compile ~/.homeassistant/custom_components/sigmesh_gateway/config_flow.py
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python3 -m py_compile ~/.homeassistant/custom_components/sigmesh_gateway/const.py
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python3 -m py_compile ~/.homeassistant/custom_components/sigmesh_gateway/coordinator.py
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python3 -m py_compile ~/.homeassistant/custom_components/sigmesh_gateway/serial_reader.py
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python3 -m py_compile ~/.homeassistant/custom_components/sigmesh_gateway/protocol_parser.py
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# 检查 platforms 目录
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python3 -m py_compile ~/.homeassistant/custom_components/sigmesh_gateway/platforms/sensor.py
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python3 -m py_compile ~/.homeassistant/custom_components/sigmesh_gateway/platforms/switch.py
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python3 -m py_compile ~/.homeassistant/custom_components/sigmesh_gateway/platforms/light.py
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python3 -m py_compile ~/.homeassistant/custom_components/sigmesh_gateway/platforms/binary_sensor.py
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python3 -m py_compile ~/.homeassistant/custom_components/sigmesh_gateway/platforms/device_tracker.py
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```
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**如报错，记录具体错误信息**:
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```
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文件：__________
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错误：__________
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行号：__________
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```
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---
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### 2.4 检查依赖是否安装
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```bash
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# 查看 manifest.json 中的依赖
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cat ~/.homeassistant/custom_components/sigmesh_gateway/manifest.json | grep requirements
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# 检查是否已安装
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pip list | grep -E "(pyserial|bleak)"
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```
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**当前依赖**:
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```json
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"requirements": ["pyserial-asyncio==0.6", "bleak-mesh>=0.2.0"]
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```
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---
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## 3. 启用详细日志
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### 3.1 修改 configuration.yaml
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```yaml
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# configuration.yaml
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logger:
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default: warning
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logs:
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custom_components.sigmesh_gateway: debug
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custom_components.sigmesh_gateway.config_flow: debug
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custom_components.sigmesh_gateway.serial_reader: debug
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custom_components.sigmesh_gateway.protocol_parser: debug
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custom_components.sigmesh_gateway.coordinator: debug
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homeassistant.loader: debug
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homeassistant.config_entries: debug
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```
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### 3.2 重启后重新测试
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```bash
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# 重启 HA
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ha core restart
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# 等待 30 秒后查看日志
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tail -f ~/.homeassistant/home-assistant.log
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```
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---
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## 4. 常见问题和解决方案
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### 问题 1: `No module named 'serial'`
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**解决方案**:
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```bash
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# 进入 HA 环境安装
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docker exec homeassistant pip install pyserial-asyncio==0.6
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# 或 HAOS
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ha addons ssh
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# 然后重启
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ha core restart
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```
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### 问题 2: `cannot import name 'XXX' from 'homeassistant.XXX'`
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**原因**: HA 版本不兼容
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**解决方案**:
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- 检查 HA 版本是否 ≥ 2024.1.0
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- 如版本过低，升级 HA 或修改代码适配
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### 问题 3: `ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'custom_components'`
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**原因**: 文件路径错误
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**解决方案**:
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```bash
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# 确认目录结构
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ls -la ~/.homeassistant/custom_components/
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# 应该是 sigmesh_gateway/ 直接在 custom_components/ 下
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```
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### 问题 4: config_flow 导入错误
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**检查**:
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```bash
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# 查看 config_flow.py 的导入语句
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head -30 ~/.homeassistant/custom_components/sigmesh_gateway/config_flow.py
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```
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---
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## 5. 调试信息模板
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**请填写以下信息**:
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```
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=== 环境信息 ===
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HA 版本：__________
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Python 版本：__________
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操作系统：__________
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安装方式：__________
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=== 错误信息 ===
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浏览器控制台错误：
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__________
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HA 日志错误（完整堆栈）:
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__________
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=== 已尝试的排查 ===
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- [ ] 检查文件完整性
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- [ ] 验证 Python 语法
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- [ ] 检查依赖安装
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- [ ] 启用详细日志
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=== 附加信息 ===
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- 集成文件部署路径：__________
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- 是否已重启 HA: [ ] 是 [ ] 否
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- 之前是否能正常加载：[ ] 是 [ ] 否
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- 最近是否有代码变更：[ ] 是 [ ] 否
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```
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---
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## 6. 快速诊断脚本
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```bash
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#!/bin/bash
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# diagnose.sh - 快速诊断脚本
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HA_CONFIG="${HOME}/.homeassistant"
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INTEGRATION="${HA_CONFIG}/custom_components/sigmesh_gateway"
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echo "=== SigMesh Gateway 诊断工具 ==="
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echo ""
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# 1. 检查文件存在
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echo "1. 检查文件完整性..."
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if [ -d "$INTEGRATION" ]; then
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echo " ✓ 集成目录存在"
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ls -1 "$INTEGRATION"
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else
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echo " ✗ 集成目录不存在"
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exit 1
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fi
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# 2. 检查 Python 语法
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echo ""
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echo "2. 检查 Python 语法..."
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for file in "$INTEGRATION"/*.py "$INTEGRATION"/platforms/*.py; do
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if python3 -m py_compile "$file" 2>/dev/null; then
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echo " ✓ $(basename $file)"
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else
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echo " ✗ $(basename $file) - 语法错误"
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fi
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done
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# 3. 检查依赖
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echo ""
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echo "3. 检查依赖..."
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pip list | grep -E "(serial|bleak)" || echo " 未找到相关依赖"
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# 4. 查看最近日志
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echo ""
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echo "4. 最近日志 (sigmesh 相关)..."
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tail -100 "${HA_CONFIG}/home-assistant.log" | grep -i sigmesh || echo " 无相关日志"
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echo ""
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echo "=== 诊断完成 ==="
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```
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保存为 `diagnose.sh`，运行：
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```bash
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chmod +x diagnose.sh
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./diagnose.sh
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```
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---
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## 7. 下一步
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收集完上述信息后：
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1. **查看日志中的完整错误堆栈** - 这是定位问题的关键
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2. **运行快速诊断脚本** - 自动检查常见问题
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3. **提供调试信息模板中的内容** - 用于进一步分析
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**最关键的调试信息**:
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1. `home-assistant.log` 中集成加载时的完整错误堆栈
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2. 浏览器控制台的 JavaScript 错误
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3. `python3 -m py_compile` 的语法检查结果
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