diff --git a/CMakeLists.txt b/CMakeLists.txt
index 1a52db0..d8f7d7c 100644
--- a/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -134,11 +134,12 @@ elseif(APPLE)
     list(APPEND HEADERS src/core/mac_hotkey.h src/core/mac_text_injector.h)
     add_compile_definitions(PLATFORM_MACOS)
 else()
-    # Linux 实现（D-Bus Portal + XTest）
+    # Linux 实现（libei + D-Bus Portal + XTest）
     list(APPEND SOURCES src/core/caps_lock_voice_hotkey.cpp src/core/wayland_text_injector.cpp)
     list(APPEND HEADERS src/core/caps_lock_voice_hotkey.h src/core/wayland_text_injector.h)
     add_compile_definitions(PLATFORM_LINUX)
 endif()
+
 # Windows 使用 WIN32 标志隐藏启动控制台，并嵌入应用图标
 if(WIN32)
     add_executable(${PROJECT_NAME} WIN32 ${SOURCES} ${HEADERS}
@@ -177,6 +178,28 @@ target_compile_options(${PROJECT_NAME} PRIVATE
     $<$<CXX_COMPILER_ID:MSVC>:/W4>
 )
 
+# ============================================================================
+# Linux: libei 全局快捷键（GNOME 47+）
+# ============================================================================
+if(NOT WIN32 AND NOT APPLE)
+    find_package(PkgConfig QUIET)
+    if(PKG_CONFIG_FOUND)
+        pkg_check_modules(LIBEI QUIET libei-1.0)
+    endif()
+    if(LIBEI_FOUND)
+        find_library(LIBEI_LIB_PATH
+            NAMES ei
+            PATHS /usr/lib64 /usr/lib /usr/local/lib
+        )
+        if(LIBEI_LIB_PATH)
+            message(STATUS "找到 libei: ${LIBEI_LIB_PATH} (${LIBEI_VERSION})")
+            target_include_directories(${PROJECT_NAME} PRIVATE ${LIBEI_INCLUDE_DIRS})
+            target_link_libraries(${PROJECT_NAME} PRIVATE ${LIBEI_LIB_PATH})
+            add_compile_definitions(HAVE_LIBEI)
+        endif()
+    endif()
+endif()
+
 # ============================================================================
 # Windows DLL 复制（交叉编译时自动拷贝到输出目录）
 # ============================================================================
diff --git a/src/core/caps_lock_voice_hotkey.cpp b/src/core/caps_lock_voice_hotkey.cpp
index 97e39a9..d4fe7d3 100644
--- a/src/core/caps_lock_voice_hotkey.cpp
+++ b/src/core/caps_lock_voice_hotkey.cpp
@@ -1,11 +1,18 @@
 #include "caps_lock_voice_hotkey.h"
 #include "utils/logger.h"
 
+#include <QSocketNotifier>
+
+#ifdef HAVE_LIBEI
+extern "C" {
+#include <libei.h>
+}
+#endif
+
 #include <QDBusConnection>
 #include <QDBusInterface>
 #include <QDBusMessage>
 #include <QDBusObjectPath>
-#include <QCoreApplication>
 #include <QUuid>
 
 static const char* const kTag = "CapsLockVoiceHotkey";
@@ -16,15 +23,25 @@ static const char* const kPortalObjectPath = "/org/freedesktop/portal/desktop";
 static const char* const kGlobalShortcutsIface = "org.freedesktop.portal.GlobalShortcuts";
 static const char* const kRequestIface = "org.freedesktop.portal.Request";
 
+// Linux CapsLock keycode (scan code)
+static const uint32_t kCapsLockKeycode = 58;
+
 namespace impress {
 
 struct CapsLockVoiceHotkey::Impl {
+    // Portal 相关
     QString sessionPath;
     QString pendingRequestPath;
 
     enum State { Idle, WaitingSession, WaitingBind, Active };
     State state = Idle;
 
+    // libei 相关
+#ifdef HAVE_LIBEI
+    struct ei* eiCtx = nullptr;
+    QSocketNotifier* socketNotifier = nullptr;
+#endif
+
     /** 生成唯一 token */
     static QString makeToken(const QString& prefix) {
         return prefix + "_" + QUuid::createUuid().toString().mid(1, 8);
@@ -57,10 +74,47 @@ CapsLockVoiceHotkey::~CapsLockVoiceHotkey() {
 bool CapsLockVoiceHotkey::start() {
     if (active_) return true;
 
+#ifdef HAVE_LIBEI
+    // 优先尝试 libei（GNOME 47+ 推荐方案）
+    LOG_INFO(kTag, "尝试 libei 后端...");
+    startLibei();
+    if (active_) {
+        LOG_INFO(kTag, "libei 快捷键已就绪");
+        return true;
+    }
+    LOG_INFO(kTag, "libei 不可用，回退到 Portal...");
+#endif
+
+    // 回退到 Portal（KDE 等支持 GlobalShortcuts 的桌面）
+    startPortal();
+    return active_;
+}
+
+void CapsLockVoiceHotkey::stop() {
+    if (!active_ && impl_->state == Impl::Idle) return;
+
+#ifdef HAVE_LIBEI
+    stopLibei();
+#endif
+    stopPortal();
+
+    active_ = false;
+    recording_ = false;
+    impl_->state = Impl::Idle;
+    impl_->sessionPath.clear();
+    LOG_INFO(kTag, "CapsLock 语音快捷键已停止");
+}
+
+// ============================================================================
+// Portal 后端（KDE 等支持 GlobalShortcuts 的桌面）
+// ============================================================================
+
+void CapsLockVoiceHotkey::startPortal() {
     QDBusConnection bus = Impl::bus();
     if (!bus.isConnected()) {
+        LOG_ERROR(kTag, "无法连接到 D-Bus session bus");
         emit error("无法连接到 D-Bus session bus");
-        return false;
+        return;
     }
 
     // 连接信号
@@ -93,7 +147,8 @@ bool CapsLockVoiceHotkey::start() {
     if (reply.type() == QDBusMessage::ErrorMessage) {
         emit error(QString("CreateSession 失败: %1").arg(reply.errorMessage()));
         LOG_ERROR(kTag, reply.errorMessage());
-        return false;
+        impl_->state = Impl::Idle;
+        return;
     }
 
     // 保存预期 session path
@@ -103,12 +158,9 @@ bool CapsLockVoiceHotkey::start() {
 
     LOG_INFO(kTag, "CreateSession 已发送，等待用户授权...");
     LOG_DEBUG(kTag, QString("Session path: %1").arg(impl_->sessionPath));
-    return true;
 }
 
-void CapsLockVoiceHotkey::stop() {
-    if (!active_ && impl_->state == Impl::Idle) return;
-
+void CapsLockVoiceHotkey::stopPortal() {
     QDBusConnection bus = Impl::bus();
     bus.disconnect(kPortalService, kPortalObjectPath,
         kGlobalShortcutsIface, "Activated",
@@ -119,12 +171,6 @@ void CapsLockVoiceHotkey::stop() {
     bus.disconnect(kPortalService, QString(),
         kRequestIface, "Response",
         this, SLOT(onPortalResponse(uint, QVariantMap)));
-
-    active_ = false;
-    recording_ = false;
-    impl_->state = Impl::Idle;
-    impl_->sessionPath.clear();
-    LOG_INFO(kTag, "CapsLock 语音快捷键已停止");
 }
 
 void CapsLockVoiceHotkey::onPortalResponse(uint response, const QVariantMap& results) {
@@ -199,11 +245,10 @@ void CapsLockVoiceHotkey::handleBindResponse(uint response, const QVariantMap&)
         return;
     }
 
-    // 快捷键绑定成功
     active_ = true;
     impl_->state = Impl::Active;
     emit ready();
-    LOG_INFO(kTag, "快捷键已注册，CapsLock 语音输入已就绪");
+    LOG_INFO(kTag, "快捷键已注册（Portal），CapsLock 语音输入已就绪");
 }
 
 void CapsLockVoiceHotkey::handleActivated(const QString& shortcutId) {
@@ -220,4 +265,110 @@ void CapsLockVoiceHotkey::handleDeactivated(const QString& shortcutId) {
     emit recordingStopped();
 }
 
+// ============================================================================
+// libei 后端（GNOME 47+）
+// ============================================================================
+
+#ifdef HAVE_LIBEI
+
+void CapsLockVoiceHotkey::startLibei() {
+    impl_->eiCtx = ei_new(this);
+    if (!impl_->eiCtx) {
+        LOG_ERROR(kTag, "ei_new 失败");
+        return;
+    }
+
+    ei_configure_name(impl_->eiCtx, "io.impress.voice-input");
+
+    int fd = ei_setup_backend_socket(impl_->eiCtx, nullptr);
+    if (fd < 0) {
+        LOG_ERROR(kTag, "ei_setup_backend_socket 失败，libei 不可用");
+        ei_unref(impl_->eiCtx);
+        impl_->eiCtx = nullptr;
+        return;
+    }
+
+    // 使用 QSocketNotifier 集成到 Qt 事件循环
+    impl_->socketNotifier = new QSocketNotifier(fd, QSocketNotifier::Read, this);
+    connect(impl_->socketNotifier, &QSocketNotifier::activated,
+            this, &CapsLockVoiceHotkey::onLibeiEvent);
+
+    LOG_INFO(kTag, "libei 已连接，等待键盘事件...");
+
+    active_ = true;
+    impl_->state = Impl::Active;
+    emit ready();
+    LOG_INFO(kTag, "CapsLock 语音快捷键已就绪（libei）");
+}
+
+void CapsLockVoiceHotkey::stopLibei() {
+    if (impl_->socketNotifier) {
+        impl_->socketNotifier->setEnabled(false);
+        delete impl_->socketNotifier;
+        impl_->socketNotifier = nullptr;
+    }
+
+    if (impl_->eiCtx) {
+        ei_disconnect(impl_->eiCtx);
+        ei_unref(impl_->eiCtx);
+        impl_->eiCtx = nullptr;
+    }
+}
+
+void CapsLockVoiceHotkey::onLibeiEvent() {
+    if (!impl_->eiCtx) return;
+
+    struct ei_event* ev;
+    while ((ev = ei_get_event(impl_->eiCtx)) != nullptr) {
+        enum ei_event_type type = ei_event_get_type(ev);
+
+        switch (type) {
+        case EI_EVENT_KEYBOARD_KEY: {
+            uint32_t keycode = ei_event_keyboard_get_key(ev);
+            bool isPress = ei_event_keyboard_get_key_is_press(ev);
+
+            if (keycode == kCapsLockKeycode) {
+                if (ignoreEvents_) break;
+                if (isPress) {
+                    LOG_DEBUG(kTag, "libei: CapsLock 按下");
+                    recording_ = true;
+                    emit recordingStarted();
+                } else {
+                    LOG_DEBUG(kTag, "libei: CapsLock 松开");
+                    recording_ = false;
+                    emit recordingStopped();
+                }
+            }
+            break;
+        }
+
+        case EI_EVENT_DISCONNECT:
+            LOG_WARNING(kTag, "libei 连接已断开");
+            active_ = false;
+            break;
+
+        default:
+            break;
+        }
+
+        ei_event_unref(ev);
+    }
+}
+
+#else // HAVE_LIBEI
+
+void CapsLockVoiceHotkey::startLibei() {
+    LOG_WARNING(kTag, "libei 未编译启用");
+}
+
+void CapsLockVoiceHotkey::stopLibei() {
+    // nothing
+}
+
+void CapsLockVoiceHotkey::onLibeiEvent() {
+    // nothing
+}
+
+#endif // HAVE_LIBEI
+
 } // namespace impress
diff --git a/src/core/caps_lock_voice_hotkey.h b/src/core/caps_lock_voice_hotkey.h
index 796db1b..4b998a0 100644
--- a/src/core/caps_lock_voice_hotkey.h
+++ b/src/core/caps_lock_voice_hotkey.h
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 
 #include <QObject>
 #include <QString>
-#include <QTimer>
 #include <memory>
 
 namespace impress {
@@ -10,14 +9,15 @@ namespace impress {
 /**
  * @brief CapsLock 长按语音输入快捷键管理器
  *
- * 使用 freedesktop GlobalShortcuts D-Bus Portal 实现 Wayland 兼容的全局快捷键。
+ * 双后端实现：
+ * - Portal (KDE/默认)：freedesktop GlobalShortcuts D-Bus Portal
+ * - libei (GNOME 47+)：libinput-emulator，直接监听键盘事件
+ *
  * 工作流程：
  * 1. 用户长按 CapsLock 1 秒后触发录音
  * 2. 长按期间持续录音
  * 3. 松开 CapsLock 后停止录音并触发转写
  * 4. 短按（< 1s）直接传递 CapsLock 事件（切换大小写锁定）
- *
- * 首次启动时需要用户通过 GNOME 对话框授权。
  */
 class CapsLockVoiceHotkey : public QObject {
     Q_OBJECT
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ public:
     explicit CapsLockVoiceHotkey(QObject* parent = nullptr);
     ~CapsLockVoiceHotkey() override;
 
-    /** @brief 初始化并注册快捷键（首次需要用户授权） */
+    /** @brief 初始化并注册快捷键 */
     bool start();
 
     /** @brief 停止并注销快捷键 */
@@ -37,20 +37,13 @@ public:
     /** @brief 当前是否正在录音（CapsLock 长按超过 1s 后） */
     bool isRecording() const { return recording_; }
 
-    /** @brief 临时忽略 portal 信号（XTest 模拟按键期间） */
+    /** @brief 临时忽略信号（XTest 模拟按键期间） */
     void setIgnoreEvents(bool ignore) { ignoreEvents_ = ignore; }
 
 signals:
-    /** @brief 开始录音（长按超过 1 秒后） */
     void recordingStarted();
-
-    /** @brief 停止录音（松开快捷键后） */
     void recordingStopped();
-
-    /** @brief 快捷键已注册（用户授权后） */
     void ready();
-
-    /** @brief 初始化失败 */
     void error(const QString& message);
 
 private:
@@ -60,11 +53,19 @@ private:
     bool recording_ = false;
     bool ignoreEvents_ = false;
 
+    // Portal 后端方法
+    void startPortal();
+    void stopPortal();
     void handleSessionResponse(uint response, const QVariantMap& results);
     void handleBindResponse(uint response, const QVariantMap& results);
     void handleActivated(const QString& shortcutId);
     void handleDeactivated(const QString& shortcutId);
     void onPortalResponse(uint response, const QVariantMap& results);
+
+    // libei 后端方法
+    void startLibei();
+    void stopLibei();
+    void onLibeiEvent();
 };
 
 } // namespace impress